Biodiversity > BCERN > CDE & DDE > Glossary > Anatomy of Mantle in Plan View

Anatomy of Mantle in Plan View
(Compound Microscope)

Specialized cells

• laticifers: hyphae usually wider than surrounding hyphae and usually with opaque granular cytoplasm (latex). Latex is milky or colourless and may have typical colours, as for fruitbodies.
• oleiferous cells (or hyphae): larger than surrounding cells (or hyphae), filled with an oily substance that gains contrast in 15% KOH, not reacting to sulfovanillin
• laticiferous cells: cells that contain latex (but are not obviously elongated)

Mantle Type

felt prosenchyma:
loose, not organized; abundant interhyphal spaces; cells distinctly elongated; hyphae similar to emanating hyphae

net prosenchyma:
loosely organized; interhyphal spaces; cells distinctly elongated; hyphae wider, shorter celled, and more branched than those emanating

net synenchyma:
compact, without obvious interhyphal spaces; cells elongated

interlocking irregular synenchyma:
compact, no obvious interhyphal spaces; cells not distinctly elongated; like a jigsaw puzzle

non-interlocking irregular synenchyma:
compact, no obvious interhyphal spaces; cells not distinctly elongated, cells generally rounded

regular synenchyma:
compact, no obvious interhyphal spaces; cells with straight sided walls

Matrix materials:

amorphous material between cells or hyphae 

Ornamentation:

surface texture of the outer hyphal or cell wall, due to attached particles or droplets, or due to outgrowths of wall. Size of ornamentation is defined relative to the hyphal diameter: small <20%, medium 20-50%, large>50%

• crystalline: sharp-edged, crystal-like particles
• verrucose: wart-like particles or outgrowths
• globular: round bodies or droplets

Cell or hyphal Contents (without regard to colour)

• clear: transparent
• granular: containing small particles
• oil-like bodies: containing globular highly refractive bodies

Hyphal Junction:

point of branching of hyphae

Hyphal Junction Angle

Hyphal Anastomosis:

point of fusion of hyphae or two parts of the same hypha

contact without clamp

contact with clamp

H-shaped without clamp

H-shaped with clamp